2025考研英语试题精讲与高分技巧
本试题库涵盖考研英语常见题型，包括选择题、填空题、判断题、简答题及综合应用题，全面解析高频考点，帮助考生掌握解题思路和应试策略。
一、选择题（共20题）
1. 下列句子中，语法正确的一项是（ ）
A. She don’t like coffee.
B. He have a car.
C. They is going to school.
D. We are playing football.
正确答案：D
解析：选项 D “We are playing football.” 是正确的现在进行时结构。A 错在第三人称单数的否定形式；B 主谓不一致；C 主语为复数，动词应用 are。
2. The book on the table ______ mine.
A. am
B. is
C. are
D. be
正确答案：B
解析：主语 “The book” 是单数，因此谓语动词用 is。选项 A 和 C 在人称或数上不匹配，D 不符合一般现在时的用法。
3. Which of the following sentences is correct?
A. I have seen her yesterday.
B. I saw her yesterday.
C. I had seen her yesterday.
D. I will see her yesterday.
正确答案：B
解析：“yesterday” 表示过去时间，应使用一般过去时，B 正确。A 使用了现在完成时错误地搭配过去时间；C 是过去完成时，不符合句意；D 时态错误。
4. If I ___ you, I would take that job.
A. am
B. were
C. was
D. be
正确答案：B
解析：这是虚拟语气中的第二类条件句，表示对现在情况的假设，“If I were you” 是固定表达。
5. He asked me where I ___ born.
A. was
B. am
C. were
D. be
正确答案：A
解析：宾语从句中动词时态要根据上下文确定，这里询问的是过去的出生地点，应使用一般过去时。
6. It’s important that he ___ the meeting.
A. attend
B. attends
C. attended
D. will attend
正确答案：A
解析：“It is important that...” 后接虚拟语气，动词用原形，故选 A。
7. Not only ___ she a teacher, but also she is a writer.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. be
正确答案：A
解析：“Not only... but also...” 连接两个并列成分，主语为 she，因此动词用 is。
8. The children ___ playing in the garden when it began to rain.
A. are
B. were
C. have been
D. had been
正确答案：B
解析：描述过去某个时刻正在发生的事情，使用过去进行时。
9. I suggest that we ___ to the cinema tonight.
A. go
B. goes
C. went
D. will go
正确答案：A
解析：“suggest” 后接宾语从句时，从句用虚拟语气，即动词原形。
10. She ___ English for five years by the end of next year.
A. has learned
B. will have learned
C. had learned
D. will learn
正确答案：B
解析：“by the end of next year” 表示到将来某一时间为止的动作，应使用将来完成时。
11. He said he ___ his homework already.
A. had done
B. has done
C. did
D. does
正确答案：A
解析：宾语从句中动作发生在“said”之前，因此用过去完成时。
12. The train ___ at 8 o’clock tomorrow morning.
A. leaves
B. leave
C. left
D. will leave
正确答案：A
解析：火车时刻表常用一般现在时表示将来。
13. I wish I ___ more time to study.
A. had
B. have
C. has
D. had had
正确答案：A
解析：“I wish” 后接虚拟语气，表示对现在的愿望，用一般过去时。
14. She prefers tea ___ coffee.
A. than
B. to
C. as
D. over
正确答案：B
解析：“prefer A to B” 是固定搭配，表示“比起 B 更喜欢 A”。
15. By the time we arrived, the movie ___.
A. had ended
B. ended
C. ends
D. was ending
正确答案：A
解析：“By the time” 引导的时间状语从句后接过去完成时。
16. He is the man ___ I told you about.
A. whom
B. who
C. which
D. whose
正确答案：A
解析：关系代词 whom 指代先行词 the man，在介词 about 后作宾语。
17. The book, ___ cover is torn, belongs to Tom.
A. whose
B. which
C. that
D. what
正确答案：A
解析：“whose” 表示所属关系，引导定语从句修饰 the book。
18. He works harder than ___ in the class.
A. any student
B. some students
C. other students
D. all students
正确答案：A
解析：“than any student” 表示比较级的最高程度。
19. The doctor advised him not to smoke, but he didn’t listen.
A. advice
B. advise
C. adviced
D. advising
正确答案：B
解析：“advise sb. to do sth.” 是固定搭配，此处为一般过去时。
20. If I ___ you, I would apologize.
A. am
B. were
C. was
D. be
正确答案：B
解析：虚拟语气中，if 条件句用 were 表示对现在的假设。
二、填空题（共10题）
1. She is (______) than her brother.（tall）
正确答案：taller
解析：比较级结构“than”前用形容词的比较级形式。
2. He (______) to the concert last night.（go）
正确答案：went
解析：“last night” 表示过去时间，动词用一般过去时。
3. The book is (______) interesting.（very）
正确答案：very
解析：副词 very 修饰形容词 interesting。
4. I can’t find my (______).（key）
正确答案：key
解析：根据句意，缺失名词 key。
5. She is (______) to speak English fluently.（able）
正确答案：able
解析：be able to do sth. 表示有能力做某事。
6. The teacher asked us (______) our homework.（do）
正确答案：to do
解析：ask sb. to do sth. 是固定搭配。
7. He has never (______) to Paris.（go）
正确答案：gone
解析：have gone to 表示“去了某地还没回来”。
8. She is (______) to her mother.（like）
正确答案：like
解析：be like 表示“像……一样”。
9. They are (______) in the same class.（study）
正确答案：studying
解析：现在进行时表示正在进行的动作。
10. He is (______) enough to carry the box.（strong）
正确答案：strong
解析：enough 修饰形容词 strong。
三、判断题（共10题）
1. “I have finished my work.” 的时态是一般过去时。（√/×）
正确答案：×
解析：该句为现在完成时，不是一般过去时。
2. “She is reading a book.” 是现在进行时。（√/×）
正确答案：√
解析：is reading 是现在进行时的结构。
3. “He went to school by bus.” 中的动词是过去式。（√/×）
正确答案：√
解析：“went” 是“go” 的过去式。
4. “If I were you, I would help him.” 是真实条件句。（√/×）
正确答案：×
解析：这是虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的假设。
5. “They have lived here since 2010.” 的时态是现在完成时。（√/×）
正确答案：√
解析：since 引导时间状语，常用于现在完成时。
6. “He is taller than me.” 中的比较级结构正确。（√/×）
正确答案：√
解析：than 前用形容词比较级，结构正确。
7. “I prefer tea rather than coffee.” 是固定表达。（√/×）
正确答案：×
解析：“rather than” 不能与 prefer 直接连用。
8. “The man whom I met yesterday is my teacher.” 中的 whom 可以省略。（√/×）
正确答案：√
解析：关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。
9. “He has been working here for three years.” 的时态是现在完成进行时。（√/×）
正确答案：√
解析：has been working 是现在完成进行时的结构。
10. “She is more intelligent than her sister.” 中的比较级正确。（√/×）
正确答案：√
解析：more intelligent 是 intelligent 的比较级形式。
四、简答题（共5题）
1. 简述英语中的三种基本时态及其结构。
参考答案：
① 一般现在时：主语 + 动词原形 / 第三人称单数加 s 或 es，如：He goes to school every day。
② 一般过去时：主语 + 动词过去式，如：She went to the park yesterday。
③ 一般将来时：will/shall + 动词原形，如：They will come tomorrow。
解析：时态是英语语法的核心内容之一，掌握其结构有助于准确表达时间概念。
2. 什么是虚拟语气？请举例说明。
参考答案：
虚拟语气用于表达与现实相反的假设、建议、命令等，常见于 if 条件句中。例如：“If I were you, I would take that job.”
解析：虚拟语气主要出现在 if 条件句、suggest/wish 等后的宾语从句中。
3. 如何区分一般过去时和现在完成时？
参考答案：
① 一般过去时强调过去发生的动作，与现在无直接联系，如：He played football yesterday。
② 现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响，如：He has played football for two hours.
解析：两者的关键区别在于是否强调动作对现在的影响。
4. 请解释“not only...but also...”的用法，并举例说明。
参考答案：
“not only...but also...” 表示“不仅……而且……”，连接两个并列成分。例如：“Not only is he a teacher, but also he is a writer.”
解析：当 not only 放在句首时，主句需部分倒装。
5. 什么是非谓语动词？请列举三种形式并举例说明。
参考答案：
非谓语动词指不作谓语的动词形式，主要包括：
① 动词不定式：to do，如：I want to go home.
② 动名词：doing，如：Swimming is good exercise.
③ 分词：done/done，如：The broken window needs fixing.
解析：非谓语动词在句子中可作主语、宾语、定语、状语等。
五、综合应用题（共5题）
1. 阅读下列短文，回答问题：
John is a student. He studies at a university in Beijing. Every day he gets up at six and goes to class. After class, he usually goes to the library to study. He likes reading books about science and history. He plans to become a teacher after graduation.
（1）Where does John study?
正确答案：At a university in Beijing.
解析：原文明确指出 John 在北京的一所大学学习。
（2）What does he usually do after class?
正确答案：He usually goes to the library to study.
解析：原文提到他下课后通常去图书馆学习。
（3）What kind of books does he like?
正确答案：Science and history books.
解析：文中明确说他喜欢科学和历史方面的书籍。
（4）What is his plan after graduation?
正确答案：To become a teacher.
解析：最后一句话表明了他的未来计划。
2. 根据提示，写出一篇不少于 80 词的英语作文：
提示：你最喜欢的科目是英语，请说明原因。
参考答案：
My favorite subject is English. I like it because it is useful and interesting. Learning English helps me communicate with people from different countries. Also, I enjoy reading English stories and watching English movies. Through these activities, I can improve my vocabulary and grammar. In short, English makes me feel confident and happy.
解析：写作时应围绕主题展开，结合自身经历和感受，语言流畅自然。